Comprehensive Analysis of Electric Dynamometers: Principles, Classifications, Advantages and Practical Applications
The electric dynamometer utilizes AC variable frequency feedback technology to achieve bidirectional energy flow. The generated power is fed back to the grid via an inverter. A torque sensor and high-precision tachometer collect real-time data, and the industrial control system—working in conjunction with these devices—performs power calculation and operating condition simulation. Its core value lies in breaking through the energy consumption bottleneck of traditional dynamometers, making it particularly suitable for long-term testing of high-power equipment.
Technology Classification and Evolution
This method uses a DC motor and dynamometer to measure torque through the reaction force of the stator oscillation. This method requires calibration for mechanical loss errors. It is suitable for low-speed, high-torque applications, but brush maintenance is expensive.
- AC dynamometer (mainstream)
Based on the AC asynchronous motor and permanent magnet synchronous motor technology, it features four-quadrant operation, a speed range of 0-10,000 rpm, and efficiency exceeding 92%. Its brushless design significantly reduces maintenance requirements, and its vector control algorithm accurately simulates transient loads, meeting complex testing requirements such as ETC cycles.
Modern application advantages
- Energy Saving: A 100kW-scale piece of equipment can recover more than 500,000 kWh of electricity after one year of continuous testing, and the investment payback period is less than 2 years.
- Dynamic Response: The millisecond-level torque regulation capability perfectly matches the speed fluctuation requirements of ESC/ELR emission tests (such as ±150rpm accuracy).
- System Integration: It is compatible with third-party equipment such as AVL emission analyzers to form an automated testing platform.
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